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GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
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For more information on this, and how to apply and follow the GNU GPL, see
<https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
The GNU General Public License does not permit incorporating your program
into proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you
may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with
the library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Lesser General
Public License instead of this License. But first, please read
<https://www.gnu.org/licenses/why-not-lgpl.html>.

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# tga_encoder
A TGA Encoder written in Lua without the use of external Libraries.
Created by fleckenstein for MineClone2, then improved by erlehmann.
May be used as a Minetest mod.
See `examples.lua` for example code and usage hints.
## Use Cases for `tga_encoder`
### Encoding Textures for Editing
TGA images of types 1/2/3 consist of header data followed by a pixel array.
This makes it trivial to parse TGA files – and even edit pixels in-place.
No checksums need to be updated on any kind of in-place texture editing.
**Tip**: When storing an editable image in item meta, use zlib compression.
### Legacy Minetest Texture Encoding
Minetest 5.4 did not include `minetest.encode_png()` (or any equvivalent).
Since `tga_encoder` is written in pure Lua, it does not need engine support.
**Tip:** Look at `examples.lua` and the Minetest mod `mcl_maps` for guidance.
### Advanced Texture Format Control
The function `minetest.encode_png()` always encodes images as 32bpp RGBA.
`tga_encoder` allows saving images as grayscale, 16bpp RGBA and 24bpp RGB.
For generating maps from terrain, color-mapped formats can be more useful.
### Encoding Very Small Textures
Images of size 8×8 or below are often smaller than an equivalent PNG file.
Note that on many filesystems files use at least 4096 bytes (i.e. 64×64).
Therefore, saving bytes on files up to a few 100 bytes is often useless.
### Encoding Reference Textures
TGA is a simple format, which makes it easy to create reference textures.
Using a hex editor, one can trivially see how all the pixels are stored.
## Supported Image Types
For all types, images are encoded in a fast single pass (i.e. append-only).
### Color-Mapped Images (Type 1)
These images contain a palette, followed by pixel data.
* `A1R5G5B5` (8bpp RGB)
* `B8G8R8` (8bpp RGB)
* `B8G8R8A8` (8bpp RGBA)
### True-Color Images (Type 2)
These images contain uncompressed RGB(A) pixel data.
* `A1R5G5B5` (16bpp RGBA)
* `B8G8R8` (24bpp RGB)
* `B8G8R8A8` (32bpp RGBA)
### Grayscale Images (Type 3)
* `Y8` (8bpp grayscale)
### Run-Length Encoded (RLE), True-Color Images (Type 10)
These images contain compressed RGB(A) pixel data.
* `A1R5G5B5` (16bpp RGBA)
* `B8G8R8` (24bpp RGB)
* `B8G8R8A8` (32bpp RGBA)
## TODO
* Actually support `R8G8B8A8` input for `A1R5G5B5` output
* Add both zoomable and explorable maps to `mcl_maps`.

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dofile("init.lua")
-- This generates images necessary to colorize 16 Minetest nodes in 4096 colors.
-- It serves as a demonstration of what you can achieve using colormapped nodes.
-- It is be useful for grass or beam or glass nodes that need to blend smoothly.
-- Sample depth rescaling is done according to the algorithm presented in:
-- <https://www.w3.org/TR/2003/REC-PNG-20031110/#13Sample-depth-rescaling>
local max_sample_in = math.pow(2, 4) - 1
local max_sample_out = math.pow(2, 8) - 1
for r = 0,15 do
local pixels = {}
for g = 0,15 do
if nil == pixels[g + 1] then
pixels[g + 1] = {}
end
for b = 0,15 do
local color = {
math.floor((r * max_sample_out / max_sample_in) + 0.5),
math.floor((g * max_sample_out / max_sample_in) + 0.5),
math.floor((b * max_sample_out / max_sample_in) + 0.5),
}
pixels[g + 1][b + 1] = color
end
end
local filename = "colormap_" .. tostring(r) .. ".tga"
tga_encoder.image(pixels):save(
filename,
{ color_format="A1R5G5B5" } -- waste less bits
)
end

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#!/usr/bin/env lua5.1
-- -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
-- 3D “donut” shape rendering using floating-point math
-- see <https://www.a1k0n.net/2011/07/20/donut-math.html>
-- cargo-culted by erle 2023-09-18
local theta_spacing = 0.01 -- 0.07
local phi_spacing = 0.002 -- 0.02
local R1 = 1
local R2 = 2
local K2 = 5
local screen_height = 256
local screen_width = 256
local K1 = screen_width * K2 * 3 / ( 8 * ( R1 + R2 ) )
local output = {}
local zbuffer = {}
local grey = { 120, 120, 120 }
local gray = { 136, 136, 136 }
for y = 1,screen_height,1 do
output[y] = {}
zbuffer[y] = {}
for x = 1,screen_width,1 do
local hori = math.floor( ( (y - 1) / 32 ) % 2 )
local vert = math.floor( ( (x - 1) / 32 ) % 2 )
output[y][x] = hori ~= vert and grey or gray
zbuffer[y][x] = 0
end
end
function render_frame(A, B)
-- precompute sines and cosines of A and B
local cosA = math.cos(A)
local sinA = math.sin(A)
local cosB = math.cos(B)
local sinB = math.sin(B)
-- theta goas around the cross-sectional circle of a torus
local theta = 0
while theta <= 2*math.pi do
if ( theta < 2*math.pi * 1/8 ) or ( theta > 2*math.pi * 7/8 ) then
theta = theta + (theta_spacing * 16)
else
theta = theta + theta_spacing
end
-- precompute sines and cosines of theta
local costheta = math.cos(theta)
local sintheta = math.sin(theta)
-- phi goes around the center of revolution of a torus
local phi = 0
while phi <= 2*math.pi do
if ( phi > 2*math.pi * 3/8 ) and ( phi < 2*math.pi * 5/8 ) then
phi = phi + (phi_spacing * 128)
else
phi = phi + phi_spacing
end
-- precompute sines and cosines of phi
local cosphi = math.cos(phi)
local sinphi = math.sin(phi)
-- 2D (x, y) coordinates of the circle, before revolving
local circlex = R2 + R1*costheta
local circley = R1*sintheta
-- 3D (x, y, z) coordinates after rotation
local x = circlex*(cosB*cosphi + sinA*sinB*sinphi) - circley*cosA*sinB
local y = circlex*(sinB*cosphi - sinA*cosB*sinphi) + circley*cosA*cosB
local z = K2 + cosA*circlex*sinphi + circley*sinA
local ooz = 1/z
-- x and y projection
local xp = math.floor(screen_width/2 + K1*ooz*x)
local yp = math.floor(screen_height/2 + K1*ooz*y)
-- calculate luminance
local L = cosphi*costheta*sinB - cosA*costheta*sinphi - sinA*sintheta + cosB*( cosA*sintheta - costheta*sinA*sinphi )
-- if (L > 0) then
if (true) then
if (ooz > zbuffer[yp][xp]) then
zbuffer[yp][xp] = ooz
local luminance = math.max( math.ceil( L * 180 ), 0 )
-- luminance is now in the range 0 to 255
r = math.ceil( (luminance + xp) / 2 )
g = math.ceil( (luminance + yp) / 2 )
b = math.ceil( (luminance + xp + yp) / 3 )
output[yp][xp] = { r, g, b }
end
end
end
end
end
dofile('init.lua')
render_frame(-0.7, 0.7)
tga_encoder.image(output):save("donut.tga")

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dofile("init.lua")
-- encode a bitmap
local _ = { 0, 0, 0 }
local R = { 255, 127, 127 }
local pixels = {
{ _, _, _, _, _, _, _ },
{ _, _, _, R, _, _, _ },
{ _, _, R, R, R, _, _ },
{ _, R, R, R, R, R, _ },
{ _, R, R, R, R, R, _ },
{ _, _, R, _, R, _, _ },
{ _, _, _, _, _, _, _ },
}
tga_encoder.image(pixels):save("bitmap_small.tga")
-- test that image can be encoded
local bitmap_small_0 = tga_encoder.image(pixels)
bitmap_small_0:encode()
assert(191 == #bitmap_small_0.data)
-- test that imbage can be encoded with parameters
local bitmap_small_1 = tga_encoder.image(pixels)
bitmap_small_1:encode(
{
colormap = {},
color_format = "B8G8R8",
compression = "RAW",
}
)
assert(191 == #bitmap_small_1.data)
-- change a single pixel, then rescale the bitmap
local pixels_orig = pixels
pixels_orig[4][4] = { 255, 255, 255 }
local pixels = {}
for x = 1,56,1 do
local x_orig = math.ceil(x/8)
for z = 1,56,1 do
local z_orig = math.ceil(z/8)
local color = pixels_orig[z_orig][x_orig]
pixels[z] = pixels[z] or {}
pixels[z][x] = color
end
end
tga_encoder.image(pixels):save("bitmap_large.tga")
-- note that the uncompressed grayscale TGA file written in this
-- example is 80 bytes – but an optimized PNG file is 81 bytes …
local pixels = {}
for x = 1,6,1 do -- left to right
for z = 1,6,1 do -- bottom to top
local color = { math.min(x * z * 4 - 1, 255) }
pixels[z] = pixels[z] or {}
pixels[z][x] = color
end
end
tga_encoder.image(pixels):save("gradient_8bpp_raw.tga", {color_format="Y8", compression="RAW"})
local pixels = {}
for x = 1,16,1 do -- left to right
for z = 1,16,1 do -- bottom to top
local r = math.min(x * 32 - 1, 255)
local g = math.min(z * 32 - 1, 255)
local b = 0
-- blue rectangle in top right corner
if x > 8 and z > 8 then
r = 0
g = 0
b = math.min(z * 16 - 1, 255)
end
local color = { r, g, b }
pixels[z] = pixels[z] or {}
pixels[z][x] = color
end
end
local gradients = tga_encoder.image(pixels)
gradients:save("gradients_8bpp_raw.tga", {color_format="Y8", compression="RAW"})
gradients:save("gradients_16bpp_raw.tga", {color_format="A1R5G5B5", compression="RAW"})
gradients:save("gradients_16bpp_rle.tga", {color_format="A1R5G5B5", compression="RLE"})
gradients:save("gradients_24bpp_raw.tga", {color_format="B8G8R8", compression="RAW"})
gradients:save("gradients_24bpp_rle.tga", {color_format="B8G8R8", compression="RLE"})
for x = 1,16,1 do -- left to right
for z = 1,16,1 do -- bottom to top
local color = pixels[z][x]
color[#color+1] = ((x * x) + (z * z)) % 256
pixels[z][x] = color
end
end
gradients:save("gradients_32bpp_raw.tga", {color_format="B8G8R8A8", compression="RAW"})
-- the RLE-compressed file is larger than just dumping pixels because
-- the gradients in this picture can not be compressed well using RLE
gradients:save("gradients_32bpp_rle.tga", {color_format="B8G8R8A8", compression="RLE"})
local pixels = {}
for x = 1,512,1 do -- left to right
for z = 1,512,1 do -- bottom to top
local oz = (z - 256) / 256 + 0.75
local ox = (x - 256) / 256
local px, pz, i = 0, 0, 0
while (px * px) + (pz * pz) <= 4 and i < 128 do
px = (px * px) - (pz * pz) + oz
pz = (2 * px * pz) + ox
i = i + 1
end
local color = {
math.max(0, math.min(255, math.floor(px * 64))),
math.max(0, math.min(255, math.floor(pz * 64))),
math.max(0, math.min(255, math.floor(i))),
}
pixels[z] = pixels[z] or {}
pixels[z][x] = color
end
end
tga_encoder.image(pixels):save("fractal_8bpp.tga", {color_format="Y8"})
tga_encoder.image(pixels):save("fractal_16bpp.tga", {color_format="A1R5G5B5"})
tga_encoder.image(pixels):save("fractal_24bpp.tga", {color_format="B8G8R8"})
-- encode a colormapped bitmap
local K = { 0 }
local B = { 1 }
local R = { 2 }
local G = { 3 }
local W = { 4 }
local colormap = {
{ 1, 2, 3 }, -- K
{ 0, 0, 255 }, -- B
{ 255, 0, 0 }, -- R
{ 0, 255, 0 }, -- G
{ 253, 254, 255 }, -- W
}
local pixels = {
{ W, K, W, K, W, K, W },
{ R, G, B, R, G, B, K },
{ K, W, K, W, K, W, K },
{ G, B, R, G, B, R, W },
{ W, W, W, K, K, K, W },
{ B, R, G, B, R, G, K },
{ B, R, G, B, R, G, W },
}
-- note that the uncompressed colormapped TGA file written in this
-- example is 108 bytes – but an optimized PNG file is 121 bytes …
tga_encoder.image(pixels):save("colormapped_B8G8R8.tga", {colormap=colormap})
-- encoding as A1R5G5B5 saves 1 byte per palette entry → 103 bytes
tga_encoder.image(pixels):save("colormapped_A1R5G5B5.tga", {colormap=colormap, color_format="A1R5G5B5"})
-- encode a colormapped bitmap with transparency
local _ = { 0 }
local K = { 1 }
local W = { 2 }
local colormap = {
{ 0, 0, 0, 0 },
{ 0, 0, 0, 255 },
{ 255, 255, 255, 255 },
}
local pixels = {
{ _, K, K, K, K, K, _ },
{ _, K, W, W, W, K, _ },
{ K, K, W, W, W, K, K },
{ K, W, W, W, W, W, K },
{ _, K, W, W, W, K, _ },
{ _, _, K, W, K, _, _ },
{ _, _, _, K, _, _, _ },
}
tga_encoder.image(pixels):save("colormapped_B8G8R8A8.tga", {colormap=colormap})
-- encoding a colormapped image with illegal colormap indexes should error out
local colormap = {
{ 0, 0, 0, 0 },
{ 0, 0, 0, 255 },
}
local status, message = pcall(
function ()
tga_encoder.image(pixels):encode({colormap=colormap})
end
)
assert(
false == status and
"init.lua:36: colormap index 2 not in colormap of size 2" == message
)

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tga_encoder = {}
local image = setmetatable({}, {
__call = function(self, ...)
local t = setmetatable({}, {__index = self})
t:constructor(...)
return t
end,
})
function image:constructor(pixels)
self.pixels = pixels
self.width = #pixels[1]
self.height = #pixels
end
local pixel_depth_by_color_format = {
["Y8"] = 8,
["A1R5G5B5"] = 16,
["B8G8R8"] = 24,
["B8G8R8A8"] = 32,
}
function image:encode_colormap_spec(properties)
local colormap = properties.colormap
local colormap_pixel_depth = 0
if 0 ~= #colormap then
colormap_pixel_depth = pixel_depth_by_color_format[
properties.color_format
]
-- ensure that each pixel references a legal colormap entry
for _, row in ipairs(self.pixels) do
for _, pixel in ipairs(row) do
local colormap_index = pixel[1]
if colormap_index >= #colormap then
error(
"colormap index " .. colormap_index ..
" not in colormap of size " .. #colormap
)
end
end
end
end
local colormap_spec =
string.char(0, 0) .. -- first entry index
string.char(#colormap % 256, math.floor(#colormap / 256)) .. -- number of entries
string.char(colormap_pixel_depth) -- bits per pixel
self.data = self.data .. colormap_spec
end
function image:encode_image_spec(properties)
local color_format = properties.color_format
assert(
"Y8" == color_format or -- (8 bit grayscale = 1 byte = 8 bits)
"A1R5G5B5" == color_format or -- (A1R5G5B5 = 2 bytes = 16 bits)
"B8G8R8" == color_format or -- (B8G8R8 = 3 bytes = 24 bits)
"B8G8R8A8" == color_format -- (B8G8R8A8 = 4 bytes = 32 bits)
)
local scanline_order = properties.scanline_order
assert (
"bottom-top" == scanline_order or
"top-bottom" == scanline_order
)
local pixel_depth
if 0 ~= #properties.colormap then
pixel_depth = self.pixel_depth
else
pixel_depth = pixel_depth_by_color_format[color_format]
end
assert( nil ~= pixel_depth)
-- the origin is the bottom left corner of the image (always)
local x_origin_lo = 0
local x_origin_hi = 0
local y_origin_lo = 0
local y_origin_hi = 0
local image_descriptor = 0 -- equal to bottom-top scanline order
local width_lo = self.width % 256
local width_hi = math.floor(self.width / 256)
local height_lo = self.height % 256
local height_hi = math.floor(self.height / 256)
if "top-bottom" == scanline_order then
image_descriptor = 32
y_origin_lo = height_lo
y_origin_hi = height_hi
end
self.data = self.data .. string.char (
x_origin_lo, x_origin_hi,
y_origin_lo, y_origin_hi,
width_lo, width_hi,
height_lo, height_hi,
pixel_depth,
image_descriptor
)
end
function image:encode_colormap(properties)
local colormap = properties.colormap
if 0 == #colormap then
return
end
local color_format = properties.color_format
assert (
"A1R5G5B5" == color_format or
"B8G8R8" == color_format or
"B8G8R8A8" == color_format
)
local colors = {}
if "A1R5G5B5" == color_format then
-- Sample depth rescaling is done according to the algorithm presented in:
-- <https://www.w3.org/TR/2003/REC-PNG-20031110/#13Sample-depth-rescaling>
local max_sample_in = math.pow(2, 8) - 1
local max_sample_out = math.pow(2, 5) - 1
for i = 1,#colormap,1 do
local color = colormap[i]
local colorword = 32768 +
((math.floor((color[1] * max_sample_out / max_sample_in) + 0.5)) * 1024) +
((math.floor((color[2] * max_sample_out / max_sample_in) + 0.5)) * 32) +
((math.floor((color[3] * max_sample_out / max_sample_in) + 0.5)) * 1)
local color_bytes = string.char(
colorword % 256,
math.floor(colorword / 256)
)
colors[#colors + 1] = color_bytes
end
elseif "B8G8R8" == color_format then
for i = 1,#colormap,1 do
local color = colormap[i]
local color_bytes = string.char(
color[3], -- B
color[2], -- G
color[1] -- R
)
colors[#colors + 1] = color_bytes
end
elseif "B8G8R8A8" == color_format then
for i = 1,#colormap,1 do
local color = colormap[i]
local color_bytes = string.char(
color[3], -- B
color[2], -- G
color[1], -- R
color[4] -- A
)
colors[#colors + 1] = color_bytes
end
end
assert( 0 ~= #colors )
self.data = self.data .. table.concat(colors)
end
function image:encode_header(properties)
local color_format = properties.color_format
local colormap = properties.colormap
local compression = properties.compression
local colormap_type
local image_type
if "Y8" == color_format and "RAW" == compression then
colormap_type = 0
image_type = 3 -- grayscale
elseif (
"A1R5G5B5" == color_format or
"B8G8R8" == color_format or
"B8G8R8A8" == color_format
) then
if "RAW" == compression then
if 0 ~= #colormap then
colormap_type = 1
image_type = 1 -- colormapped RGB(A)
else
colormap_type = 0
image_type = 2 -- RAW RGB(A)
end
elseif "RLE" == compression then
colormap_type = 0
image_type = 10 -- RLE RGB
end
end
assert( nil ~= colormap_type )
assert( nil ~= image_type )
self.data = self.data
.. string.char(0) -- image id
.. string.char(colormap_type)
.. string.char(image_type)
self:encode_colormap_spec(properties) -- color map specification
self:encode_image_spec(properties) -- image specification
self:encode_colormap(properties)
end
function image:encode_data(properties)
local color_format = properties.color_format
local colormap = properties.colormap
local compression = properties.compression
local data_length_before = #self.data
if "Y8" == color_format and "RAW" == compression then
if 8 == self.pixel_depth then
self:encode_data_Y8_as_Y8_raw()
elseif 24 == self.pixel_depth then
self:encode_data_R8G8B8_as_Y8_raw()
end
elseif "A1R5G5B5" == color_format then
if 0 ~= #colormap then
if "RAW" == compression then
if 8 == self.pixel_depth then
self:encode_data_Y8_as_Y8_raw()
end
end
else
if "RAW" == compression then
self:encode_data_R8G8B8_as_A1R5G5B5_raw()
elseif "RLE" == compression then
self:encode_data_R8G8B8_as_A1R5G5B5_rle()
end
end
elseif "B8G8R8" == color_format then
if 0 ~= #colormap then
if "RAW" == compression then
if 8 == self.pixel_depth then
self:encode_data_Y8_as_Y8_raw()
end
end
else
if "RAW" == compression then
self:encode_data_R8G8B8_as_B8G8R8_raw()
elseif "RLE" == compression then
self:encode_data_R8G8B8_as_B8G8R8_rle()
end
end
elseif "B8G8R8A8" == color_format then
if 0 ~= #colormap then
if "RAW" == compression then
if 8 == self.pixel_depth then
self:encode_data_Y8_as_Y8_raw()
end
end
else
if "RAW" == compression then
self:encode_data_R8G8B8A8_as_B8G8R8A8_raw()
elseif "RLE" == compression then
self:encode_data_R8G8B8A8_as_B8G8R8A8_rle()
end
end
end
local data_length_after = #self.data
assert(
data_length_after ~= data_length_before,
"No data encoded for color format: " .. color_format
)
end
function image:encode_data_Y8_as_Y8_raw()
assert(8 == self.pixel_depth)
local raw_pixels = {}
for _, row in ipairs(self.pixels) do
for _, pixel in ipairs(row) do
local raw_pixel = string.char(pixel[1])
raw_pixels[#raw_pixels + 1] = raw_pixel
end
end
self.data = self.data .. table.concat(raw_pixels)
end
function image:encode_data_R8G8B8_as_Y8_raw()
assert(24 == self.pixel_depth)
local raw_pixels = {}
for _, row in ipairs(self.pixels) do
for _, pixel in ipairs(row) do
-- the HSP RGB to brightness formula is
-- sqrt( 0.299 r² + .587 g² + .114 b² )
-- see <https://alienryderflex.com/hsp.html>
local gray = math.floor(
math.sqrt(
0.299 * pixel[1]^2 +
0.587 * pixel[2]^2 +
0.114 * pixel[3]^2
) + 0.5
)
local raw_pixel = string.char(gray)
raw_pixels[#raw_pixels + 1] = raw_pixel
end
end
self.data = self.data .. table.concat(raw_pixels)
end
function image:encode_data_R8G8B8_as_A1R5G5B5_raw()
assert(24 == self.pixel_depth)
local raw_pixels = {}
-- Sample depth rescaling is done according to the algorithm presented in:
-- <https://www.w3.org/TR/2003/REC-PNG-20031110/#13Sample-depth-rescaling>
local max_sample_in = math.pow(2, 8) - 1
local max_sample_out = math.pow(2, 5) - 1
for _, row in ipairs(self.pixels) do
for _, pixel in ipairs(row) do
local colorword = 32768 +
((math.floor((pixel[1] * max_sample_out / max_sample_in) + 0.5)) * 1024) +
((math.floor((pixel[2] * max_sample_out / max_sample_in) + 0.5)) * 32) +
((math.floor((pixel[3] * max_sample_out / max_sample_in) + 0.5)) * 1)
local raw_pixel = string.char(colorword % 256, math.floor(colorword / 256))
raw_pixels[#raw_pixels + 1] = raw_pixel
end
end
self.data = self.data .. table.concat(raw_pixels)
end
function image:encode_data_R8G8B8_as_A1R5G5B5_rle()
assert(24 == self.pixel_depth)
local colorword = nil
local previous_r = nil
local previous_g = nil
local previous_b = nil
local raw_pixel = ''
local raw_pixels = {}
local count = 1
local packets = {}
local raw_packet = ''
local rle_packet = ''
-- Sample depth rescaling is done according to the algorithm presented in:
-- <https://www.w3.org/TR/2003/REC-PNG-20031110/#13Sample-depth-rescaling>
local max_sample_in = math.pow(2, 8) - 1
local max_sample_out = math.pow(2, 5) - 1
for _, row in ipairs(self.pixels) do
for _, pixel in ipairs(row) do
if pixel[1] ~= previous_r or pixel[2] ~= previous_g or pixel[3] ~= previous_b or count == 128 then
if nil ~= previous_r then
colorword = 32768 +
((math.floor((previous_r * max_sample_out / max_sample_in) + 0.5)) * 1024) +
((math.floor((previous_g * max_sample_out / max_sample_in) + 0.5)) * 32) +
((math.floor((previous_b * max_sample_out / max_sample_in) + 0.5)) * 1)
if 1 == count then
-- remember pixel verbatim for raw encoding
raw_pixel = string.char(colorword % 256, math.floor(colorword / 256))
raw_pixels[#raw_pixels + 1] = raw_pixel
if 128 == #raw_pixels then
raw_packet = string.char(#raw_pixels - 1)
packets[#packets + 1] = raw_packet
for i=1, #raw_pixels do
packets[#packets +1] = raw_pixels[i]
end
raw_pixels = {}
end
else
-- encode raw pixels, if any
if #raw_pixels > 0 then
raw_packet = string.char(#raw_pixels - 1)
packets[#packets + 1] = raw_packet
for i=1, #raw_pixels do
packets[#packets +1] = raw_pixels[i]
end
raw_pixels = {}
end
-- RLE encoding
rle_packet = string.char(128 + count - 1, colorword % 256, math.floor(colorword / 256))
packets[#packets +1] = rle_packet
end
end
count = 1
previous_r = pixel[1]
previous_g = pixel[2]
previous_b = pixel[3]
else
count = count + 1
end
end
end
colorword = 32768 +
((math.floor((previous_r * max_sample_out / max_sample_in) + 0.5)) * 1024) +
((math.floor((previous_g * max_sample_out / max_sample_in) + 0.5)) * 32) +
((math.floor((previous_b * max_sample_out / max_sample_in) + 0.5)) * 1)
if 1 == count then
raw_pixel = string.char(colorword % 256, math.floor(colorword / 256))
raw_pixels[#raw_pixels + 1] = raw_pixel
raw_packet = string.char(#raw_pixels - 1)
packets[#packets + 1] = raw_packet
for i=1, #raw_pixels do
packets[#packets +1] = raw_pixels[i]
end
raw_pixels = {}
else
-- encode raw pixels, if any
if #raw_pixels > 0 then
raw_packet = string.char(#raw_pixels - 1)
packets[#packets + 1] = raw_packet
for i=1, #raw_pixels do
packets[#packets +1] = raw_pixels[i]
end
raw_pixels = {}
end
-- RLE encoding
rle_packet = string.char(128 + count - 1, colorword % 256, math.floor(colorword / 256))
packets[#packets +1] = rle_packet
end
self.data = self.data .. table.concat(packets)
end
function image:encode_data_R8G8B8_as_B8G8R8_raw()
assert(24 == self.pixel_depth)
local raw_pixels = {}
for _, row in ipairs(self.pixels) do
for _, pixel in ipairs(row) do
local raw_pixel = string.char(pixel[3], pixel[2], pixel[1])
raw_pixels[#raw_pixels + 1] = raw_pixel
end
end
self.data = self.data .. table.concat(raw_pixels)
end
function image:encode_data_R8G8B8_as_B8G8R8_rle()
assert(24 == self.pixel_depth)
local previous_r = nil
local previous_g = nil
local previous_b = nil
local raw_pixel = ''
local raw_pixels = {}
local count = 1
local packets = {}
local raw_packet = ''
local rle_packet = ''
for _, row in ipairs(self.pixels) do
for _, pixel in ipairs(row) do
if pixel[1] ~= previous_r or pixel[2] ~= previous_g or pixel[3] ~= previous_b or count == 128 then
if nil ~= previous_r then
if 1 == count then
-- remember pixel verbatim for raw encoding
raw_pixel = string.char(previous_b, previous_g, previous_r)
raw_pixels[#raw_pixels + 1] = raw_pixel
if 128 == #raw_pixels then
raw_packet = string.char(#raw_pixels - 1)
packets[#packets + 1] = raw_packet
for i=1, #raw_pixels do
packets[#packets +1] = raw_pixels[i]
end
raw_pixels = {}
end
else
-- encode raw pixels, if any
if #raw_pixels > 0 then
raw_packet = string.char(#raw_pixels - 1)
packets[#packets + 1] = raw_packet
for i=1, #raw_pixels do
packets[#packets +1] = raw_pixels[i]
end
raw_pixels = {}
end
-- RLE encoding
rle_packet = string.char(128 + count - 1, previous_b, previous_g, previous_r)
packets[#packets +1] = rle_packet
end
end
count = 1
previous_r = pixel[1]
previous_g = pixel[2]
previous_b = pixel[3]
else
count = count + 1
end
end
end
if 1 == count then
raw_pixel = string.char(previous_b, previous_g, previous_r)
raw_pixels[#raw_pixels + 1] = raw_pixel
raw_packet = string.char(#raw_pixels - 1)
packets[#packets + 1] = raw_packet
for i=1, #raw_pixels do
packets[#packets +1] = raw_pixels[i]
end
raw_pixels = {}
else
-- encode raw pixels, if any
if #raw_pixels > 0 then
raw_packet = string.char(#raw_pixels - 1)
packets[#packets + 1] = raw_packet
for i=1, #raw_pixels do
packets[#packets +1] = raw_pixels[i]
end
raw_pixels = {}
end
-- RLE encoding
rle_packet = string.char(128 + count - 1, previous_b, previous_g, previous_r)
packets[#packets +1] = rle_packet
end
self.data = self.data .. table.concat(packets)
end
function image:encode_data_R8G8B8A8_as_B8G8R8A8_raw()
assert(32 == self.pixel_depth)
local raw_pixels = {}
for _, row in ipairs(self.pixels) do
for _, pixel in ipairs(row) do
local raw_pixel = string.char(pixel[3], pixel[2], pixel[1], pixel[4])
raw_pixels[#raw_pixels + 1] = raw_pixel
end
end
self.data = self.data .. table.concat(raw_pixels)
end
function image:encode_data_R8G8B8A8_as_B8G8R8A8_rle()
assert(32 == self.pixel_depth)
local previous_r = nil
local previous_g = nil
local previous_b = nil
local previous_a = nil
local raw_pixel = ''
local raw_pixels = {}
local count = 1
local packets = {}
local raw_packet = ''
local rle_packet = ''
for _, row in ipairs(self.pixels) do
for _, pixel in ipairs(row) do
if pixel[1] ~= previous_r or pixel[2] ~= previous_g or pixel[3] ~= previous_b or pixel[4] ~= previous_a or count == 128 then
if nil ~= previous_r then
if 1 == count then
-- remember pixel verbatim for raw encoding
raw_pixel = string.char(previous_b, previous_g, previous_r, previous_a)
raw_pixels[#raw_pixels + 1] = raw_pixel
if 128 == #raw_pixels then
raw_packet = string.char(#raw_pixels - 1)
packets[#packets + 1] = raw_packet
for i=1, #raw_pixels do
packets[#packets +1] = raw_pixels[i]
end
raw_pixels = {}
end
else
-- encode raw pixels, if any
if #raw_pixels > 0 then
raw_packet = string.char(#raw_pixels - 1)
packets[#packets + 1] = raw_packet
for i=1, #raw_pixels do
packets[#packets +1] = raw_pixels[i]
end
raw_pixels = {}
end
-- RLE encoding
rle_packet = string.char(128 + count - 1, previous_b, previous_g, previous_r, previous_a)
packets[#packets +1] = rle_packet
end
end
count = 1
previous_r = pixel[1]
previous_g = pixel[2]
previous_b = pixel[3]
previous_a = pixel[4]
else
count = count + 1
end
end
end
if 1 == count then
raw_pixel = string.char(previous_b, previous_g, previous_r, previous_a)
raw_pixels[#raw_pixels + 1] = raw_pixel
raw_packet = string.char(#raw_pixels - 1)
packets[#packets + 1] = raw_packet
for i=1, #raw_pixels do
packets[#packets +1] = raw_pixels[i]
end
raw_pixels = {}
else
-- encode raw pixels, if any
if #raw_pixels > 0 then
raw_packet = string.char(#raw_pixels - 1)
packets[#packets + 1] = raw_packet
for i=1, #raw_pixels do
packets[#packets +1] = raw_pixels[i]
end
raw_pixels = {}
end
-- RLE encoding
rle_packet = string.char(128 + count - 1, previous_b, previous_g, previous_r, previous_a)
packets[#packets +1] = rle_packet
end
self.data = self.data .. table.concat(packets)
end
function image:encode_footer()
self.data = self.data
.. string.char(0, 0, 0, 0) -- extension area offset
.. string.char(0, 0, 0, 0) -- developer area offset
.. "TRUEVISION-XFILE"
.. "."
.. string.char(0)
end
function image:encode(properties)
local properties = properties or {}
properties.colormap = properties.colormap or {}
properties.compression = properties.compression or "RAW"
properties.scanline_order = properties.scanline_order or "bottom-top"
self.pixel_depth = #self.pixels[1][1] * 8
local color_format_defaults_by_pixel_depth = {
[8] = "Y8",
[24] = "B8G8R8",
[32] = "B8G8R8A8",
}
if nil == properties.color_format then
if 0 ~= #properties.colormap then
properties.color_format =
color_format_defaults_by_pixel_depth[
#properties.colormap[1] * 8
]
else
properties.color_format =
color_format_defaults_by_pixel_depth[
self.pixel_depth
]
end
end
assert( nil ~= properties.color_format )
self.data = ""
self:encode_header(properties) -- header
-- no color map and image id data
self:encode_data(properties) -- encode data
-- no extension or developer area
self:encode_footer() -- footer
end
function image:save(filename, properties)
self:encode(properties)
local f = assert(io.open(filename, "wb"))
f:write(self.data)
f:close()
end
tga_encoder.image = image

51
mods/CORE/tga_encoder/logo.lua Normal file
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dofile("init.lua")
local colormap = {
{ 0, 0, 0 }, -- black
{ 255, 255, 255 }, -- white
{ 255, 0, 0 }, -- red
{ 0, 255, 0 }, -- green
{ 0, 0, 255 }, -- blue
}
local _ = { 0 }
local W = { 1 }
local R = { 2 }
local G = { 3 }
local B = { 4 }
local pixels_tiny = {
{ W, W, W, W, W, W, W, W, W, W, W, W, },
{ W, _, _, _, _, _, _, _, _, _, _, W, },
{ W, _, _, _, _, _, _, B, _, B, _, W, },
{ W, _, _, _, _, _, _, B, B, B, _, W, },
{ W, _, _, _, G, G, G, B, _, B, _, W, },
{ W, _, _, _, G, _, G, B, B, B, _, W, },
{ W, _, _, R, G, _, _, _, _, _, _, W, },
{ W, _, _, R, G, G, G, _, _, _, _, W, },
{ W, _, _, R, _, _, _, _, _, _, _, W, },
{ W, _, R, R, R, _, _, _, _, _, _, W, },
{ W, _, _, _, _, _, _, _, _, _, _, W, },
{ W, W, W, W, W, W, W, W, W, W, W, W, },
}
local pixels_huge = {}
local size_tiny = #pixels_tiny
local size_huge = 1200
local scale = size_huge / size_tiny
for x_huge = 1,size_huge,1 do
local x_tiny = math.ceil( x_huge / scale )
for z_huge = 1,size_huge,1 do
local z_tiny = math.ceil( z_huge / scale )
if nil == pixels_huge[z_huge] then
pixels_huge[z_huge] = {}
end
pixels_huge[z_huge][x_huge] = pixels_tiny[z_tiny][x_tiny]
end
end
tga_encoder.image(pixels_tiny):save("logo_tiny.tga", {colormap=colormap})
tga_encoder.image(pixels_huge):save("logo_huge.tga", {colormap=colormap})

2
mods/CORE/tga_encoder/mod.conf Normal file
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name = tga_encoder
description = A TGA Encoder written in Lua without the use of external Libraries.

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mods/CORE/tga_encoder/tools/generate_test_textures.lua Executable file
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#!/usr/bin/env lua5.1
dofile("../init.lua")
local _ = { 0 }
local R = { 1 }
local G = { 2 }
local B = { 3 }
local pixels_colormapped_bt = {
{ _, _, _, _, _, B, _, B, },
{ _, _, _, _, _, B, B, B, },
{ _, _, G, G, G, B, _, B, },
{ _, _, G, _, G, B, B, B, },
{ _, R, G, _, _, _, _, _, },
{ _, R, G, G, G, _, _, _, },
{ _, R, _, _, _, _, _, _, },
{ R, R, R, _, _, _, _, _, },
}
local pixels_colormapped_tb = {
{ R, R, R, _, _, _, _, _, },
{ _, R, _, _, _, _, _, _, },
{ _, R, G, G, G, _, _, _, },
{ _, R, G, _, _, _, _, _, },
{ _, _, G, _, G, B, B, B, },
{ _, _, G, G, G, B, _, B, },
{ _, _, _, _, _, B, B, B, },
{ _, _, _, _, _, B, _, B, },
}
image_colormapped_bt = tga_encoder.image(pixels_colormapped_bt)
image_colormapped_tb = tga_encoder.image(pixels_colormapped_tb)
colormap_32bpp = {
{ 0, 0, 0, 128 },
{ 255, 0, 0, 255 },
{ 0, 255, 0, 255 },
{ 0, 0, 255, 255 },
}
image_colormapped_bt:save(
"type1_32bpp_bt.tga",
{ colormap = colormap_32bpp, color_format = "B8G8R8A8", scanline_order = "bottom-top" }
)
image_colormapped_tb:save(
"type1_32bpp_tb.tga",
{ colormap = colormap_32bpp, color_format = "B8G8R8A8", scanline_order = "top-bottom" }
)
image_colormapped_bt:save(
"type1_16bpp_bt.tga",
{ colormap = colormap_32bpp, color_format = "A1R5G5B5", scanline_order = "bottom-top" }
)
image_colormapped_tb:save(
"type1_16bpp_tb.tga",
{ colormap = colormap_32bpp, color_format = "A1R5G5B5", scanline_order = "top-bottom" }
)
colormap_24bpp = {
{ 0, 0, 0 },
{ 255, 0, 0 },
{ 0, 255, 0 },
{ 0, 0, 255 },
}
image_colormapped_bt:save(
"type1_24bpp_bt.tga",
{ colormap = colormap_32bpp, color_format = "B8G8R8", scanline_order = "bottom-top" }
)
image_colormapped_tb:save(
"type1_24bpp_tb.tga",
{ colormap = colormap_32bpp, color_format = "B8G8R8", scanline_order = "top-bottom" }
)
local _ = { 0, 0, 0, 128 }
local R = { 255, 0, 0, 255 }
local G = { 0, 255, 0, 255 }
local B = { 0, 0, 255, 255 }
local pixels_rgba_bt = {
{ _, _, _, _, _, B, _, B, },
{ _, _, _, _, _, B, B, B, },
{ _, _, G, G, G, B, _, B, },
{ _, _, G, _, G, B, B, B, },
{ _, R, G, _, _, _, _, _, },
{ _, R, G, G, G, _, _, _, },
{ _, R, _, _, _, _, _, _, },
{ R, R, R, _, _, _, _, _, },
}
local pixels_rgba_tb = {
{ R, R, R, _, _, _, _, _, },
{ _, R, _, _, _, _, _, _, },
{ _, R, G, G, G, _, _, _, },
{ _, R, G, _, _, _, _, _, },
{ _, _, G, _, G, B, B, B, },
{ _, _, G, G, G, B, _, B, },
{ _, _, _, _, _, B, B, B, },
{ _, _, _, _, _, B, _, B, },
}
image_rgba_bt = tga_encoder.image(pixels_rgba_bt)
image_rgba_tb = tga_encoder.image(pixels_rgba_tb)
image_rgba_bt:save(
"type2_32bpp_bt.tga",
{ color_format="B8G8R8A8", compression="RAW", scanline_order = "bottom-top" }
)
image_rgba_tb:save(
"type2_32bpp_tb.tga",
{ color_format="B8G8R8A8", compression="RAW", scanline_order = "top-bottom" }
)
image_rgba_bt:save(
"type10_32bpp_bt.tga",
{ color_format="B8G8R8A8", compression="RLE", scanline_order = "bottom-top" }
)
image_rgba_tb:save(
"type10_32bpp_tb.tga",
{ color_format="B8G8R8A8", compression="RLE", scanline_order = "top-bottom" }
)
local _ = { 0, 0, 0 }
local R = { 255, 0, 0 }
local G = { 0, 255, 0 }
local B = { 0, 0, 255 }
local pixels_rgb_bt = {
{ _, _, _, _, _, B, _, B, },
{ _, _, _, _, _, B, B, B, },
{ _, _, G, G, G, B, _, B, },
{ _, _, G, _, G, B, B, B, },
{ _, R, G, _, _, _, _, _, },
{ _, R, G, G, G, _, _, _, },
{ _, R, _, _, _, _, _, _, },
{ R, R, R, _, _, _, _, _, },
}
local pixels_rgb_tb = {
{ R, R, R, _, _, _, _, _, },
{ _, R, _, _, _, _, _, _, },
{ _, R, G, G, G, _, _, _, },
{ _, R, G, _, _, _, _, _, },
{ _, _, G, _, G, B, B, B, },
{ _, _, G, G, G, B, _, B, },
{ _, _, _, _, _, B, B, B, },
{ _, _, _, _, _, B, _, B, },
}
image_rgb_bt = tga_encoder.image(pixels_rgb_bt)
image_rgb_tb = tga_encoder.image(pixels_rgb_tb)
image_rgb_bt:save(
"type2_24bpp_bt.tga",
{ color_format="B8G8R8", compression="RAW", scanline_order = "bottom-top" }
)
image_rgb_tb:save(
"type2_24bpp_tb.tga",
{ color_format="B8G8R8", compression="RAW", scanline_order = "top-bottom" }
)
image_rgb_bt:save(
"type10_24bpp_bt.tga",
{ color_format="B8G8R8", compression="RLE", scanline_order = "bottom-top" }
)
image_rgb_tb:save(
"type10_24bpp_tb.tga",
{ color_format="B8G8R8", compression="RLE", scanline_order = "top-bottom" }
)
image_rgb_bt:save(
"type2_16bpp_bt.tga",
{ color_format="A1R5G5B5", compression="RAW", scanline_order = "bottom-top" }
)
image_rgb_tb:save(
"type2_16bpp_tb.tga",
{ color_format="A1R5G5B5", compression="RAW", scanline_order = "top-bottom" }
)
image_rgb_bt:save(
"type10_16bpp_bt.tga",
{ color_format="A1R5G5B5", compression="RLE", scanline_order = "bottom-top" }
)
image_rgb_tb:save(
"type10_16bpp_tb.tga",
{ color_format="A1R5G5B5", compression="RLE", scanline_order = "top-bottom" }
)